Most breast lumps are not cancerous. However, because of the risk of cancer, see your doctor to evaluate any lump or suspicious mass or lump. Common breast changes that cause lumps include:
- Fibrocystic changes. These changes can cause your breasts to feel granular. Also called benign breast "disease" or fibrocystic "disease," these changes occur in more than half of women. They're typically harmless.
- Cysts. These fluid-filled sacs occur most often in women ages 35 to 50. Cysts often enlarge and become tender just before your period, when your body retains more fluid. Some cysts are tiny, but others can be as large as an egg. If pressed, large cysts may change shape slightly, and you can move them under your skin.
- Fibroadenomas. Breast lumps that aren't cysts or cancer are most likely fibroadenomas (or adenofibromas), solid noncancerous tumors that most often are found in young women. A fibroadenoma has a firm, smooth, rubbery feeling and a well-defined shape. You can move it under your skin.
- Self-examine your breasts each month so you’ll know whether a lump is new. Perform this exam 7 to 10 days after the beginning of your last period. If you're past menopause, post a reminder to examine your breasts on the same day each month. Use your eyes and hands to search for lumps, thickened areas or swelling in your breasts. Contact your doctor if you notice any changes.
- If the lump causes discomfort, take an over-the-counter pain reliever. Ask your physician about prescription pain relievers if you need more pain relief.
- Wear a comfortable and supportive bra, even at night.
- If you smoke or drink caffeinated beverages, you may want to cut down or quit. Although the evidence is inconclusive, some women report their lumps subside after they stop smoking or give up caffeine.
See your doctor if a breast lump doesn't go away after your menstrual cycle. Your doctor may drain a fluid-filled cyst with a needle after injection of a local anesthetic. If you have a breast infection, your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic. Lumps that are not filled with fluid may require a biopsy (surgical removal and examination under a microscope) to determine whether they are cancerous. Your doctor may choose not to remove fibroadenomas or other harmless tumors unless they're large or uncomfortable.
If you're past menopause, see your doctor if a lump lasts more than a week or becomes reddened, painful or enlarged.
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October 25, 1999 —
